Analysis of Acid by Titration with Sodium Hydroxide

Stephanie Thao Chemistry 1151 Laboratory summary of loony toons by titration with sodium hydroxide Ms. Hoang November 2012 Introduction The purpose of this investigate is to demonstrate an example of how to determine the noncitizen metre of hydrochloric sexually transmitted disease by titration with a pes (sodium hydroxide). Titration is a common science testing groundoratory method of numerical chemical analysis that is utilise to determine the un cognise stringency of an place analyte (wekipedia). The first step will be measuring and combining irrigate and virulent (Hydrochloric acid).An indicator anthocyanin will be added to the resolvent to change the trick to pink. Anthocyanin is a water-soluble vacuolar pigment that may appear red, purple, or glowering dep demolitioning on the pH (Wikipedia). This pink contort acts as a pH meter and will show a change in food assumption to plant a change in the pH. As the base (sodium hydroxide) is added, the upshot will then change polish (this is referred to as the stoichiometric end point). This colour in change represents the increase of pH, as well as showing that the moles of the acid in the upshot are equal to the moles of the base (Survey of Chemistry science laboratory manual).Using a dilution equating of M1xV1=M2xV2, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid butt be mensural. M1=NaOH( chiliad), V1=NaOH(volume), M2=HCl( mebibyte), V2=HCl(volume). Procedure Instructions for laboratory were found on rascal 91 of Survey of Chemistry lab manual. All calculations were rounded eat up by 2 decimal places for accuracy. Preparation of the indicator required a combination of 50 grams of cabbage with 50ml of ethanol and 20mL of DI water to extract the anthocyanin indicator. This action was completed by the instructor and the anthocyanin indicator (cabbage extract) was provided.Then 10mL of hydrochloric acid and 20mL in of deionized water were measured in a graduated cylinder and combined in to an Erlenmeyer flask. Pipette 5 to 10 drops of anthocyanin indicator was added to the solution in Erlenmeyer flask until the solution change to a pink color. Then the solution was titrated with sodium hydroxide until the solution changed color from pink to blue. The titration of the acid was tell in three trials. All data and calculations were recorded. Data dodges Solution Table Acid Bottle Code 9 examination 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Final buret reading acid (mL) 9. 1 9. 2 10. 10 script of acid use (mL) 9. 9. 2 10. 10 Final buret reading NaOH (mL) 26. 30 44. 70 45. 50 Initial buret reading NaOH (mL) 7. 91 26. 30 26. 50 Volume of NaOH (mL) 18. 39 18. 40 19. 00 Concentration of NaOH (M) 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 chiliad of the acid (HCl) 0. 202M 0. 199M 0. 182M Ratio of volume of NaOH used (mL) to volume of acid used (mL) Calculations As previously state in introduction, approach pattern M1xV1=M2xV2 found on page 93 of Survey of Chemistry laboratory manual was used to calculate the conce ntration of hydrochloric acid (HCl). Trial 1 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 18. 39mL (NaOH) M2= little-known (HCl) V2=9. mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 39 = M2 x 9. 1 1. 839/9. 1 = M2 M2 = 0. 202M Trial 2 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 18. 40mL (NaOH) M2= unidentified (HCl) V2=9. 2mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 40 = M2 x 9. 2 1. 839/9. 2 = M2 M2 = 0. 199M Trial 3 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 19. 00mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=10. 10mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 39=M2 x 10. 10 1. 839/10. 10 = M2 M2 = 0. 182M just of acid 0. 202 + 0. 199 + 0. 182/3 = 0. 194M = M average Discussion and conclusion This lab was successful in the proper color change needed to represent an end point when acid (hydrochloric acid) and indicator anthocyanin is titrated with a base (sodium hydroxide).As stated in the lab manual anthocyanin will go from a color of pink to blue, a pH of seven to eight, where the blue is an indication that acid has been neutralized by the base (Survey of Chemistry lab manual). During this experiment subsequently adding enough sodium hydroxide to the indicator solution the solution changed color to blue, an indication of the stoichiometric end point. All three trials showed the proper color change. This proved that the color change indicated that the pH level had changed in solution and the amount of base added is chemically equivalent to the acid in the flask.The formula M1xV1=M2xV2 was used to calculate the unknown concentration of hydrochloric acid. The results from the trials showed that the concentration of hydrochloric acid was 0. 2M. The concentration of the two acids should be relatively close in order to rub each other out. It was complicated to compare the two concentrations since the given molarity of sodium hydroxide is in the one decimal place holder, whereas the mensural concentration for hydrochloric acid is in a two decimal place. From the lab it can be concluded that pH indicators can be an imprecise method to calculate the concentration of an unknown concentration.Critical Thinking Questions 1. Trial 1 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 18. 39mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=9. 1mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 39 = M2 x 9. 1 1. 839/9. 1 = M2 M2 = 0. 202M Trial 2 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 18. 40mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=9. 2mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 40 = M2 x 9. 2 1. 839/9. 2 = M2 M2 = 0. 199M Trial 3 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 19. 00mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=10. 10mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 39=M2 x 9. 1 1. 839/10. 10 = M2 M2 = 0. 182M 2. 0. 202 + 0. 199 + 0. 182/3 = 0. 194 = M average 3. 0. 08233 0. 194 x 100/0. 08233 = 135. 63 percentage error 4.The main concept of this lab was to calculate the unknown molarity of an acid through titration. 5. Some of the experiment performed was to determine the concentration of an unknown concentration of an acid through titration by adding a second known concentration acid that will react with and cancel the first one. The result of the titration will allows you to calculate the original concentration. 6. The dilution equation of M1xV1=M2xV2 was required to solve for th e molarity of the hydrochloric acid where M1=NaOH(molarity), V1=NaOH(volume), M2=HCl(molarity), V2=HCl(volume). . The lab was successful in the properly changing color to represent a stoichiometric end point through titration. The dilution equation was then used to calculate the unknown molarity of one of the acid. The calculated results werent easily compared due to their decimal placing. References Survey of Chemistry lab manual, Chem 1151 Laboratory Experiments 3rd edition 2011-2012 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Anthocyanin http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Titration http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Endpoint_%28chemistry%29